Spanish Grammar
The Verb Gustar in Spanish
The verb gustar in Spanish may seem like a rara avis to our students at Spanishviaskype.com. According to the Real Academia Española, its meaning is “to please, to seem good”. But, unlike in other languages, the verb gustar in Spanish expresses that something produces like for a person.
The Verb Gustar in Spanish: its Conjugation
Basic level students are accustomed to conjugate verbs using endings that agree with the person who performs the action:
Yo trabajo / Mi hermano trabaja
However, the verb gustar in Spanish is constructed in a different way. The person does not agree with the verb ending. Instead, the thing we like is the grammatical subject of the sentence. A person usually likes something or several things. Because of this, the present indicative endings most commonly used with the verb gustar in Spanish are the third person singular (-a) and plural (-an).
Me gusta el fútbol / ¿Te gustan los deportes?
In addition to nouns, we can also like verbal actions. In this case, the most commonly used form is the infinitive. When the infinitive is the subject of the verb gustar, it must take the third person singular ending.
In short, we usually use gusta, with singular nouns or with infinitives, and we use gustan, with plural nouns.
Other Characteristics of the Verb Gustar
Another common feature we can find in the verb gustar in Spanish is the use of definite articles or determiners before the nouns:
Nos gustan las verduras, el cine, mis amigos y esa casa.
To further increase the difficulty of learning it, the verb gustar in Spanish is obligatorily formed with an indirect object. This complement is the person who “receives” the like. We must remember that indirect objects in Spanish are always formed with the preposition a. Because of this, the pronoun to refer to these persons is not the subject ones (yo, tú, él, ella, usted, nosotros/as, vosotros/as, ellos/as, ustedes). On the contrary, we must use indirect object pronouns: (me, te le, nos, os, les).
A mi padre y a mí nos gusta la carne, pero a mi hermano solo le gustan las verduras.
Also, to emphasize or clarify who is the person receiving the taste, we can optionally use the prepositional pronouns of indirect object, preceded by the preposition a: a mí, a mí, a ti, a él/ella/usted, a nosotros/as, a vosotros/as, a ellos/as, a ustedes. However, the pronouns we saw before (me, te le, nos, os, les) are still obligatory.
A mí me gusta aprender español en Spanishviaskype.com.
When we want to negate the verb gustar in Spanish, we must place the negation adverb no right in front of the indirect object pronoun:
A los estudiantes no les gusta el subjuntivo.
Finally, if we want to emphasize or quantify the degree of liking, produced by the subject of the sentence, we can use quantifiers such as mucho or nada. However, we must be careful with the adverb nada. If we use it after the verb, we also have to introduce the negation with the adverb no. The placement of these modifiers is quite free, although the most common is to place them after the verb:
Me gusta mucho viajar. / A vosotros no os gusta la ópera nada. / Nada te gustan los ruidos.
In short, at first glance, the verb gustar in Spanish seems very complicated. However, you just need to practice it. Leave us a comment and tell us what you like and don’t like. Do you like learning Spanish very much? Don’t you like Spanish verbs at all? We like to help you.
